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Researchers from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center sought to determine whether variation in the concentration of oligosaccharides in human milk might explain why some breast-fed infants experience more episodes of diarrhea than others. Bioactive oligosaccharides are part of the innate defense system.1 The most common human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS) contain the sugar fucose.2 Expression of fucosolated oligosaccharides, including the 2- linked fucosyloligosaccharides (2-FOS), in human milk varies among mothers due to genetic factors.3 The authors analyzed frozen samples of breast milk collected from 1988–1991 from 93 breast-feeding Mexican mother-infant unit pairs who were followed from birth to 2 years post-partum. Milk samples obtained 1 to 5 weeks postpartum were analyzed for HMOS content and compared …
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