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Previous research on the efficacy of corticosteroids in treating children with acute bronchiolitis has yielded conflicting results. Investigators from Thailand’s Khon Khan University examined the effect of a single intramuscular injection of 0.6 mg/kg of dexamethasone in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled manner to 179 children between four weeks and 24 months of age hospitalized for bronchiolitis. Bronchiolitis was defined as the first episode of wheezing associated with tachypnea, increased respiratory effort, and an apparent upper respiratory tract infection. Criteria for hospitalization included: 1) age <3 months; 2) for infants age 3–12 months, respiratory rate >60 breaths/min; 3) for those age 12–24 months, a respiratory rate >50 breaths/min; 4) for all age groups, an O2 saturation <95% on room air; or 5) apathy and/or refusal to …
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