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PICO
Question: Among preschool children with moderate to severe intermittent wheezing, is either inhaled corticosteroid or montelukast effective in reducing asthma-related symptoms during acute respiratory infections?
Question type: Intervention
Study design: Randomized, controlled trial
Investigators from multiple institutions in the US conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of episodic use of either a corticosteroid aerosol or a leukotriene receptor antagonist in treating preschool-aged children with intermittent episodes of wheezing and respiratory distress.
Sites included in the study were located in Pennsylvania, St. Louis, California, Arizona, and Wisconsin.
Children ages 12–59 months were eligible for the study if they had experienced at least two episodes of wheezing with respiratory tract illness (RTI) during the previous year and had at least two episodes of wheezing that required an urgent care visit and/or oral corticosteroids in the past.
Initially 351 patients were enrolled into the study; 113 children were excluded following the two-week run-in period prior to randomization, with symptoms of persistent asthma being the most common reason for exclusion. …
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