Neurodevelopment After Neonatal Hypoglycemia

Investigators from multiple institutions conducted a prospective cohort study to assess neurodevelopmental outcomes of children exposed to neonatal hypoglycemia. Children born at ≥32 weeks’ gestation with ≥1 risk factor for neonatal hypoglycemia (diabetic mother, <37 weeks’ gestation, small for gestational age [<10th percentile or <2,500 g], large for gestational age [>90th percentile or >4,500 g], acute illness) were eligible. Enrolled infants had intermittent whole-blood glucose levels measured per a clinical protocol or underwent continuous interstitial glucose monitoring for ≤7 days. Blood glucose concentrations of <47 mg/dL (<2.61 mmol/L) were treated with additional feeding or buccal or intravenous dextrose.

The primary exposure was hypoglycemia, defined as ≥1 episode of blood glucose concentration of <47 mg/dL (<2.61 mmol/L) or a continuous glucose concentration of <47 mg/dL (<2.61 mmol/L) for ≥10 minutes within the first week of …