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Investigators from multiple institutions conducted a randomized trial to assess clinical effects of a low or high threshold for platelet transfusions in premature infants with severe thrombocytopenia. Study participants were neonates born at <34 weeks’ gestation with platelet counts <50,000 per mm3 who were cared for at centers in Ireland, the United Kingdom, or the Netherlands. At enrollment, participating infants were randomized to receive platelet transfusions when their platelet counts were <50,000 per mm3 (high-threshold group) or <25,000 per mm3 (low-threshold group), as needed for surgery or invasive procedures, or because of a severe bleeding episode. Study participants were followed up for 28 days after enrollment. The primary study outcome was a composite of death or a major bleeding episode during the 28-day study period. …
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