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Investigators from multiple institutions in Canada and the United States conducted a prospective study to assess the association between prenatal fluoride exposure and IQ in children. Participants were children of women from 6 Canadian cities who were enrolled in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals program during the first 14 weeks of pregnancy between 2008–2011. Prenatal exposure to fluoride was assessed using 2 measures. First, maternal urinary fluoride (MUF) concentration, adjusted for urine specific gravity, was the average fluoride concentration from 3 specimens collected during each trimester of pregnancy. The other estimate of exposure was based on self-reported consumption of tap water, tea, and coffee during the first and third trimesters; fluoride intake was then estimated based on …
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