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Investigators from multiple institutions conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the performance of the Boston and Philadelphia criteria for stratifying infants’ risk of bacterial infection. Infants aged 29–60 days who were evaluated for meningitis at 1 of 23 EDs in the United States and Canada from 2005–2013 were eligible. Infants were included if they had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood cultures obtained within 24 hours of ED arrival. Infants admitted to the ICU were excluded. Demographics and clinical data were abstracted from the medical record.
The primary outcome was invasive bacterial infection (IBI), defined as growth of pathogenic bacteria from either a blood or CSF culture. Investigators applied the …
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