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Investigators from the Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre in Oxford, England, conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the rates of pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery and complications over time. Participants were included if they underwent a first-time ACL reconstruction in England between 1997–2017 and were ≤19 years old. Demographic and clinical data for the study were obtained from England’s National Health Service Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database, which records all National Health Service–funded episodes of care.
The primary exposure was ACL reconstruction, determined from the Classification of Surgical Operations and Procedures (OPCS-4) codes in the HES database. The primary outcome was serious complications within 90 days. Serious complications included: (a) deaths, identified …
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