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Investigators from Duke-NUS Medical School and KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, both in Singapore, conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in children admitted to a pediatric ICU (PICU) on the rate of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and nosocomial pneumonia. For the study they used a standardized process to identify published studies that included children ≤18 years old who were admitted to a PICU and placed on either a histamine 2-receptor antagonist (H2RA) or proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) for SUP. Studies were selected that included data on 1 of the following outcomes: GI bleeding, nosocomial pneumonia, length of PICU stay, or mortality. Both randomized controlled trials and observational studies that included data …
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