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From 1962–1987 Japan’s policy of mandatory vaccination resulted in most schoolchildren being vaccinated against influenza. These vaccination laws were relaxed in 1987 and repealed in 1994, leading to low vaccination rates. This team of investigators from 2 companies, a Japanese hospital, an American university and the NIH evaluated whether influenza immunization of children will protect the elderly via community (or herd) immunity by studying monthly rates of death from all causes, death attributed to pneumonia and influenza, and census data …
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